Reproduction system and embryology Quiz-14
Dear Readers,
NEET is the most famous and important medical entrance examination held in our country. This exam is an objective type, an offline test which includes 4 sections namely– Physics, Chemistry, Botany, and Zoology. The maximum marks that can be scored are 720 marks and have 180 questions.
About half of the paper consists of questions from Biology, as the NEET exam essentially focuses on capacitating students to go for seats in medical courses. One of the most significant and crucial sections in the NEET exam is of Biology. It comprises of theories, descriptions, discoveries, diagrams, definitions, explanations of differences, and relations. The majority of the topics covered in the NEET syllabus are from the NCERT syllabus of Class 11 & 12 and other related sources become part of the rest of the syllabus.
Clear Exam curates a list of articles selected by professionals who recommend the highly vital topics for NEET exams. The table below takes you directly to the respective topic where the in-depth article and the MCQs are available for an easy and productive learning experience. Prior to solving NEET question papers or practicing mock tests, you must ensure to study the basic concepts in NEET and practice a few sample questions related to this exam. Students will be covered for all their studies as the topics are available from basics to even the most advanced.
.
Q1. Fertilization of ovum by the sperm takes place in
Solution
Oviduct has four regions, infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, and uterine part. Ampulla is the long, wide, thin walled major part of the fallopian tube or oviduct. It lies next to the infundibulum and is a site for fertilization.
Oviduct has four regions, infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, and uterine part. Ampulla is the long, wide, thin walled major part of the fallopian tube or oviduct. It lies next to the infundibulum and is a site for fertilization.
Q2. The corpus luteum secretes progesterone which negatively feeds back and inhibits the release of
Solution
The corpus luteum secretes progesterone, which negatively feed back and inhibits the release of LH and FSH. Generally, menstrual cycle have four phases (i) Menstrual phase (a) The soft tissue of endometrial lining of the uterus disintegrates causing bleeding. (b) The unfertilized egg and soft tissue are discharged. (c) It lasts 3-5 days. (ii) Follicular Phase/Proliferative Phase (a) The primary follicles in the ovary grow and become a fully mature Graafian follicle. (b) The endometrium of the uterus is regenerated due to the secretion of LH and FSH from anterior pituitary and ovarian hormone, estrogen. (c) It least for about 10-14 days. (iii) Ovulatory Phase (a) Rapid secretion of LH (LH surge) induces rupture of Graafian follicle, thereby leading to ovulation (release of ovum). (b) It lasts for only about 48 hr. (iv) Luteal Phase/Secretor Phase (a) In this phase the ruptured follicle changes into corpus luteum in the ovary and it begins to secrete the hormone progesterone. (b) The endometrium thickens further and their glands secrete a fluid into the uterus. c) If ovum is not fertilized, the corpus luteum undergoes degeneration and this causes disintegration of the endometrium leading to menstruation. (d) Oestrogen and progesterone levels rise during this phase. It lasts for only 1 day. (e) During pregnancy all events of the menstrual cycle stop and there is no menstruation. The menstrual cycle permanently stops in females at the age of around 50 years. This is called menopause
The corpus luteum secretes progesterone, which negatively feed back and inhibits the release of LH and FSH. Generally, menstrual cycle have four phases (i) Menstrual phase (a) The soft tissue of endometrial lining of the uterus disintegrates causing bleeding. (b) The unfertilized egg and soft tissue are discharged. (c) It lasts 3-5 days. (ii) Follicular Phase/Proliferative Phase (a) The primary follicles in the ovary grow and become a fully mature Graafian follicle. (b) The endometrium of the uterus is regenerated due to the secretion of LH and FSH from anterior pituitary and ovarian hormone, estrogen. (c) It least for about 10-14 days. (iii) Ovulatory Phase (a) Rapid secretion of LH (LH surge) induces rupture of Graafian follicle, thereby leading to ovulation (release of ovum). (b) It lasts for only about 48 hr. (iv) Luteal Phase/Secretor Phase (a) In this phase the ruptured follicle changes into corpus luteum in the ovary and it begins to secrete the hormone progesterone. (b) The endometrium thickens further and their glands secrete a fluid into the uterus. c) If ovum is not fertilized, the corpus luteum undergoes degeneration and this causes disintegration of the endometrium leading to menstruation. (d) Oestrogen and progesterone levels rise during this phase. It lasts for only 1 day. (e) During pregnancy all events of the menstrual cycle stop and there is no menstruation. The menstrual cycle permanently stops in females at the age of around 50 years. This is called menopause
Q3. Sertoli’s cells are nourishing cells in the testis. They also secrete a hormone. Identify the same
Solution
Inhibin is a glycoprotein hormone secreted from the Sertoli’s cells. It is involved in the negative feedback control of sperm production
Inhibin is a glycoprotein hormone secreted from the Sertoli’s cells. It is involved in the negative feedback control of sperm production
Q4.
Solution
A- Mammary duct, B-Mammary duct, C-Lactiferous duct, D-Areola The glandular tissue comprises about 15-20 lobes in each breast. Each lobe is made up of number of lobules. Each lobule is composed of grape like cluster of milk secreting glands termed as alveoli. When milk is produced, it passes from alveoli into mammary lobules and into the mammary ducts Internally, the breast consists of the glandular tissue forming mammary glands, the fibrous tissue (connective tissue) and the fatty or adipose tissue. Mammary glands are modified sweat
A- Mammary duct, B-Mammary duct, C-Lactiferous duct, D-Areola The glandular tissue comprises about 15-20 lobes in each breast. Each lobe is made up of number of lobules. Each lobule is composed of grape like cluster of milk secreting glands termed as alveoli. When milk is produced, it passes from alveoli into mammary lobules and into the mammary ducts Internally, the breast consists of the glandular tissue forming mammary glands, the fibrous tissue (connective tissue) and the fatty or adipose tissue. Mammary glands are modified sweat
Q5.In human all the three germ layers are originated from
Solution
All the three germ layer (ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm) are originated form inner cell mass
All the three germ layer (ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm) are originated form inner cell mass
Q6. Identify E,F,G and H in the diagram of previous question
Solution
Q7.Type of cell division taking place at I, II and III stages of previous question are
Solution
Oogonia (A) ↓ Miosis (cell division) Primary oocyte (B) ↓ Meiosis-I (completed prior to ovation) Secondary oocyte (C) ↓ Meiosis-II Ovum glands
Oogonia (A) ↓ Miosis (cell division) Primary oocyte (B) ↓ Meiosis-I (completed prior to ovation) Secondary oocyte (C) ↓ Meiosis-II Ovum glands
Q8.Given below the diagram refers to the TS of testis showing sectional view of a few
Solution
Each seminiferous tubules is lined on its inside by two types of cells called male germ cells (spermatogonium) and Sertoli cells
Each seminiferous tubules is lined on its inside by two types of cells called male germ cells (spermatogonium) and Sertoli cells
Q9. In numans, dermis of skin, circulatory system and muscles are derived from
Solution
Fate of three germ layers Mesoderm Dermis of skin, circulatory system, muscles, bones (except facial) Endoderm Lining of Gl tract, lining of lungs, kidney ducts and bladder, thymus, thyroid tonsils Ectoderm Epidermis of skin, tooth enamel, lens and cornea of the eye outer ear Brain and spinal cord, facial bones skeletal muscles in the head
Fate of three germ layers Mesoderm Dermis of skin, circulatory system, muscles, bones (except facial) Endoderm Lining of Gl tract, lining of lungs, kidney ducts and bladder, thymus, thyroid tonsils Ectoderm Epidermis of skin, tooth enamel, lens and cornea of the eye outer ear Brain and spinal cord, facial bones skeletal muscles in the head
Q10. Superficial meroblastic cleavage occurs in
Solution
The amount of yolk determines the type of cleavage in the egg. In superficial meroblastic cleavage, the cleavage remains restricted to the peripheral portion of the egg. This type of cleavage occurs in arthropods especially insects. i.e., centrolecithal eggs.
The amount of yolk determines the type of cleavage in the egg. In superficial meroblastic cleavage, the cleavage remains restricted to the peripheral portion of the egg. This type of cleavage occurs in arthropods especially insects. i.e., centrolecithal eggs.
