Reproduction system and Embryology Quiz-16
Dear Readers,
NEET is the most famous and important medical entrance examination held in our country. This exam is an objective type, an offline test which includes 4 sections namely– Physics, Chemistry, Botany, and Zoology. The maximum marks that can be scored are 720 marks and have 180 questions.
About half of the paper consists of questions from Biology, as the NEET exam essentially focuses on capacitating students to go for seats in medical courses. One of the most significant and crucial sections in the NEET exam is of Biology. It comprises of theories, descriptions, discoveries, diagrams, definitions, explanations of differences, and relations. The majority of the topics covered in the NEET syllabus are from the NCERT syllabus of Class 11 & 12 and other related sources become part of the rest of the syllabus.
Clear Exam curates a list of articles selected by professionals who recommend the highly vital topics for NEET exams. The table below takes you directly to the respective topic where the in-depth article and the MCQs are available for an easy and productive learning experience. Prior to solving NEET question papers or practicing mock tests, you must ensure to study the basic concepts in NEET and practice a few sample questions related to this exam. Students will be covered for all their studies as the topics are available from basics to even the most advanced.
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Q1. The seminal plasma along with the sperm is called
Solution
Seminal plasma is the combined secretion of three glands named (a) seminal vesicles (b) prostate gland (c) Cowper’s gland, together with sperm they collectively form semen
Seminal plasma is the combined secretion of three glands named (a) seminal vesicles (b) prostate gland (c) Cowper’s gland, together with sperm they collectively form semen
Q2. The correct sequence of spermatogenetic stages leading to the formation of sperms in a mature human testis is
Solution
In spermatogenesis, during growth phase some spermatogonia either due to growth or due to food storage become 2 or 3 times large of their original size and are known as primary spermatocytes, which undergo meiosis-I and as a result 2 haploid secondary spermatocytes are formed. Futher, meiosis-II takes place that results in the foramtion of 4-spermatids. Then, these round, non-motile and haploid spermatids are transformed into thread-like motile, haploid (four) sperms.
In spermatogenesis, during growth phase some spermatogonia either due to growth or due to food storage become 2 or 3 times large of their original size and are known as primary spermatocytes, which undergo meiosis-I and as a result 2 haploid secondary spermatocytes are formed. Futher, meiosis-II takes place that results in the foramtion of 4-spermatids. Then, these round, non-motile and haploid spermatids are transformed into thread-like motile, haploid (four) sperms.
Q3. Sperm’s acrosome has
Solution
The acrosome of sperm contains lytic enzymes such as cathepsin, acid phosphatase, hyaluronidase, proacrosin. Hyaluronidase enzyme is found particularly in the sperms of mammals. This enzyme dissolves corona radiata enables the sperm to penetrate through it. Proacrosin changes into acrosin and helps to dissolve the zona pellucida layer of the ovum.
The acrosome of sperm contains lytic enzymes such as cathepsin, acid phosphatase, hyaluronidase, proacrosin. Hyaluronidase enzyme is found particularly in the sperms of mammals. This enzyme dissolves corona radiata enables the sperm to penetrate through it. Proacrosin changes into acrosin and helps to dissolve the zona pellucida layer of the ovum.
Q4. Placenta is a connection between
Solution
Placentation is a connection between foetus and uterine wall. Gametes. The major reproductive events in human beings are as follows (i) Gametogenesis It is the formation of gametes. It includes spermatogenesis (formation of sperms) and oogenesis (formation of ova/eggs) (ii) Insemination It is the transfer of sperms by the male into the genital tract of the female (iii) Fertilization Fusion of male and female gametes to form zygote is called fertilization (iv) Cleavage It is rapid mitotic divisions of the zygote which convert the single celled zygote into a multicellular structure called blastocyst (blastula) (v) Implantation It is the attachment of blastocyst to the uterine wall (vi) Placentation It involves the formation of placenta which is the intimate connection between the foetus and uterine wall of the mother to exchange the materials (vii) Gastrulation It is the process by which blastocyst is changed into gastrula with three primary germ layers (viii) Organogenesis It is the formation of specific tissue, organs and organ systems from three primary germ layers (ix) Parturition (child birth) it involves expelling of the baby from the mother’s womb (uterus)
Placentation is a connection between foetus and uterine wall. Gametes. The major reproductive events in human beings are as follows (i) Gametogenesis It is the formation of gametes. It includes spermatogenesis (formation of sperms) and oogenesis (formation of ova/eggs) (ii) Insemination It is the transfer of sperms by the male into the genital tract of the female (iii) Fertilization Fusion of male and female gametes to form zygote is called fertilization (iv) Cleavage It is rapid mitotic divisions of the zygote which convert the single celled zygote into a multicellular structure called blastocyst (blastula) (v) Implantation It is the attachment of blastocyst to the uterine wall (vi) Placentation It involves the formation of placenta which is the intimate connection between the foetus and uterine wall of the mother to exchange the materials (vii) Gastrulation It is the process by which blastocyst is changed into gastrula with three primary germ layers (viii) Organogenesis It is the formation of specific tissue, organs and organ systems from three primary germ layers (ix) Parturition (child birth) it involves expelling of the baby from the mother’s womb (uterus)
Q5.Germinal epithelium gives rise to
Solution
The cuboidal cells in germinal epithelium undergo mitosis to produce spermatogonia which grows into primary spermatocytes. These in turn undergoes meiosis producing haploid cells, firstly secondary spermatocytes and then spermatids. The latter get converted into spermatozoa (sperms). Sertoli cells provides nutrition to the developing sperms
The cuboidal cells in germinal epithelium undergo mitosis to produce spermatogonia which grows into primary spermatocytes. These in turn undergoes meiosis producing haploid cells, firstly secondary spermatocytes and then spermatids. The latter get converted into spermatozoa (sperms). Sertoli cells provides nutrition to the developing sperms
Q6. Which of the following is incorrectly matched?
Solution
In isolecithal eggs, yolk is uniformly distributed (e.g., mammals). In centrolecithal eggs, yolk is in the centre of the egg (e.g., insects). In polyleithal eggs, yolk is in patches, (e.g., insects) and in telolecithal eggs, yolk is concentrated at one of the egg (e.g., frog, birds). Eggs of human being are microlecithal and isolecithal.
In isolecithal eggs, yolk is uniformly distributed (e.g., mammals). In centrolecithal eggs, yolk is in the centre of the egg (e.g., insects). In polyleithal eggs, yolk is in patches, (e.g., insects) and in telolecithal eggs, yolk is concentrated at one of the egg (e.g., frog, birds). Eggs of human being are microlecithal and isolecithal.
Q7.Cleavage forms 2-4-6-8-16 cells. These cells are called
Solution
The cells formed by cleavage are called blastomere. Implantation (i) Zygote divides rapidly by mitotic division. This is called cleavage. As a result 2, 4, 8, 16 daughter cells are produced which are termed as blastomeres (ii) Embryo with 8-16 blastomeres is called a morula (iii) The morula changes into a large mass of cells called blastocyst, which passes further into the uterus (iv) Blastomeres in the blastocyst are arranged into an outer layer called trophoblast and an inner group of cells attached to trophoblast called inner cell mass (v) The trophoblast layer gets attached to the cells of the endometrium and the inner cell mass gives rise to the embryo (vi) The cells of endometrium divide rapidly and cover the blastocyst (vii) So, the blastocyst gets embedded in the endometrium of the uterus. This is called implantation, which leads to pregnancy
The cells formed by cleavage are called blastomere. Implantation (i) Zygote divides rapidly by mitotic division. This is called cleavage. As a result 2, 4, 8, 16 daughter cells are produced which are termed as blastomeres (ii) Embryo with 8-16 blastomeres is called a morula (iii) The morula changes into a large mass of cells called blastocyst, which passes further into the uterus (iv) Blastomeres in the blastocyst are arranged into an outer layer called trophoblast and an inner group of cells attached to trophoblast called inner cell mass (v) The trophoblast layer gets attached to the cells of the endometrium and the inner cell mass gives rise to the embryo (vi) The cells of endometrium divide rapidly and cover the blastocyst (vii) So, the blastocyst gets embedded in the endometrium of the uterus. This is called implantation, which leads to pregnancy
Q8.Accessory sexual character in female is promoted by
Solution
Oestrogen is secreted by the cells of Graafin follicles. It is the principal feminizing hormone responsible for the development of secondary sexual characters and female reproductive organs
Oestrogen is secreted by the cells of Graafin follicles. It is the principal feminizing hormone responsible for the development of secondary sexual characters and female reproductive organs
Q9. Whether a child died after normal birth or died before birth can be confirmed by measuring
Solution
Whether a child died after normal birth or died before birth can be confirmed by measuring the weight of the child.
Whether a child died after normal birth or died before birth can be confirmed by measuring the weight of the child.
Q10. Implantation is
Solution
Implantation is the attachment of blastocytes to the uterine wall. Gametes. The major reproductive events in human beings are as follows (i) Gametogenesis It is the formation of gametes. It includes spermatogenesis (formation of sperms) and oogenesis (formation of ova/eggs) (ii) Insemination It is the transfer of sperms by the male into the genital tract of the female (iii) Fertilization Fusion of male and female gametes to form zygote is called fertilization (iv) Cleavage It is rapid mitotic divisions of the zygote which convert the single celled zygote into a multicellular structure called blastocyst (blastula) (v) Implantation It is the attachment of blastocyst to the uterine wall (vi) Placentation It involves the formation of placenta which is the intimate connection between the foetus and uterine wall of the mother to exchange the materials (vii) Gastrulation It is the process by which blastocyst is changed into gastrula with three primary germ layers (viii) Organogenesis It is the formation of specific tissue, organs and organ systems from three primary germ layers (ix) Parturition (child birth) it involves expelling of the baby from the mother’s womb (uterus)
Implantation is the attachment of blastocytes to the uterine wall. Gametes. The major reproductive events in human beings are as follows (i) Gametogenesis It is the formation of gametes. It includes spermatogenesis (formation of sperms) and oogenesis (formation of ova/eggs) (ii) Insemination It is the transfer of sperms by the male into the genital tract of the female (iii) Fertilization Fusion of male and female gametes to form zygote is called fertilization (iv) Cleavage It is rapid mitotic divisions of the zygote which convert the single celled zygote into a multicellular structure called blastocyst (blastula) (v) Implantation It is the attachment of blastocyst to the uterine wall (vi) Placentation It involves the formation of placenta which is the intimate connection between the foetus and uterine wall of the mother to exchange the materials (vii) Gastrulation It is the process by which blastocyst is changed into gastrula with three primary germ layers (viii) Organogenesis It is the formation of specific tissue, organs and organ systems from three primary germ layers (ix) Parturition (child birth) it involves expelling of the baby from the mother’s womb (uterus)
