HEALTH-AND-DISEASES-QUIZ-5

BIOLOGY HEALTH AND DISEASES QUIZ-5

Dear Readers,

NEET is the most famous and important medical entrance examination held in our country. This exam is an objective type, an offline test which includes 4 sections namely– Physics, Chemistry, Botany, and Zoology. The maximum marks that can be scored are 720 marks and have 180 questions. About half of the paper consists of questions from Biology, as the NEET exam essentially focuses on capacitating students to go for seats in medical courses. One of the most significant and crucial sections in the NEET exam is of Biology. It comprises of theories, descriptions, discoveries, diagrams, definitions, explanations of differences, and relations. The majority of the topics covered in the NEET syllabus are from the NCERT syllabus of Class 11 & 12 and other related sources become part of the rest of the syllabus. Clear Exam curates a list of articles selected by professionals who recommend the highly vital topics for NEET exams. The table below takes you directly to the respective topic where the in-depth article and the MCQs are available for an easy and productive learning experience. Prior to solving NEET question papers or practicing mock tests, you must ensure to study the basic concepts in NEET and practice a few sample questions related to this exam. Students will be covered for all their studies as the topics are available from basics to even the most advanced..

Q1. An alkaloid called ‘Reserpine’ is extracted from

•  Leaves of ashwagandha
•  Roots of sarpagandha
•  Leaves ofsarpagandha
•  Roots of ashwagandha

Solution
(b) The tuberous roots of sarpagandha (Rauwolffiaserpentina) are medicinally useful. They contain many alkaloids of which reserpine is most important. It lowers blood pressure. Besides, it cures diarrhoea and dysentery. The roots of ashwagandha (Withaniasomnifera) are used in treatment of rheumatism, cough, ulcers, and hiccups.

Q2.Sand fly spreads a particular type of disease by its

•  proboscis
•  Mandible
•  Salivary gland
•  None of these

Solution
(a) Many diseases such as, Kala-azar, visceral leishmaniasis, oriental sore, etc, are spread by sand fly (Phlebotomus) through its proboscis.

Q3.  Which of the following is a characteristics of antibodies?

•  Carbohydrate structure
•  Composed of heavy and light polypeptide chains
•  Three binding sites per antibody monomer
•  All of the above

Solution
(b) Composed of heavy and light polypeptide chains

Q4. Thymus is the site for the development and maturation of

•  T-lymphocyte
•  B-lymphocyte
•  Both (a) and (b)
•  Antibodies

Solution
(a) Thymus provides the microenvironment for the development and maturation of T-lymphocytes

Q5.Cancer cells are more easily damaged by radiation than normal cells because they are

•  Starved of mutation
•  Undergoing rapid division
•  Different in structure
•  Non-dividing

Solution
(b) Cancer is caused by loss of control over cell’s reproduction capacity. Therefore, they are more easily damaged by radiations than normal cells

Q6. Identify the wrongly matched pair

•  Typhoid - Widal test
•  Plague - Viral disease
•  Malignant malaria - Plasmodium falciparum
•  Common cold -Rhinovirus

Solution
(b) Plague is a bacterial disease. It is caused by a rod-shaped, non-motile, bacillus, Pasteurella pestis. It is spread through the bit of infected rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopsis) on lower extremities.

Q7.Entamoeba histolytica feeds on

• Liver
•  Small intestine
•  Large intestine
•  WBCs

Solution
(c) Large intestine. Entamoeba Histolytica is a parasite of the human large intestine, commonly contracted by ingesting contaminated water or food

Q8.Choose the true statements
I. Innate immunity is accomplished by providing different types of barriers
II. Acquired immunity is present from the birth and is inherited from parents
III. Sweat, tears, acid in the stomach and saliva prevent microbial growth
Codes
I II III

• True False True
•  True True False
•  False False True
•  False True False

Solution
(a) Acquired immunity is not present from the birth and develops during the individual’s lifetime. It is pathogen specific

Q9.Nicotine is

•  An alkaloid
•  Steroid
•  Stimulant
•  Both (a) and (c)

Solution
(a) Tobacco contains large number of chemical substances including nicotine, an alkaloid. Nicotine stimulates adrenal gland to release adrenaline and nor-adrenaline into blood circulation, both of which raise blood pressure and increases the heart rate

Q10. Except skin, other physical barriers which also helps to prevent the entry of the microorganisms are
I. mucus coating of the epithelium lining the respiratory
II. gastrointestinal tracts
III. urogenital tracts
Choose the correct option

•  Streptomyces - Antibiotic
•  Serratia - Drug Addiction
•  Spirulina - Single cell protein
•  Rhizobium- Biofertilizer

Solution
(d) Physical barriers: skin on our body is the main barrier, which prevents entry of the microorganisms. Mucous coating of the epithelium lining in the respiratory, gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts also helps in trapping the microbes entering our body