quiz-20-biotechnolgy-and-microbes-in-human-welfare

Biotechnolgy and microbes in human welfare Quiz-20

Dear Readers,

NEET is the most famous and important medical entrance examination held in our country. This exam is an objective type, an offline test which includes 4 sections namely– Physics, Chemistry, Botany, and Zoology. The maximum marks that can be scored are 720 marks and have 180 questions. About half of the paper consists of questions from Biology, as the NEET exam essentially focuses on capacitating students to go for seats in medical courses. One of the most significant and crucial sections in the NEET exam is of Biology. It comprises of theories, descriptions, discoveries, diagrams, definitions, explanations of differences, and relations. The majority of the topics covered in the NEET syllabus are from the NCERT syllabus of Class 11 & 12 and other related sources become part of the rest of the syllabus. Clear Exam curates a list of articles selected by professionals who recommend the highly vital topics for NEET exams. The table below takes you directly to the respective topic where the in-depth article and the MCQs are available for an easy and productive learning experience. Prior to solving NEET question papers or practicing mock tests, you must ensure to study the basic concepts in NEET and practice a few sample questions related to this exam. Students will be covered for all their studies as the topics are available from basics to even the most advanced. .

Q1.  Consider the following statements
I. Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by some microorganisms which can kill or retard the growth of other disease-causing microorganisms
II. Penicillin is the first antibiotic discovered by Alexander Fleming (1928), while working o bacterium Staphylococcus aureus
III. The function of penicillin as an antibiotic was established by Ernst chain and Howard Florey
Which of the statement given above are correct?

•   I and II
•   I and III
•   II and III
•   I, II and III

Solution
Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by some microorganism, which can kill or retard the growth of other disease causing microorganisms. Penicillin, discovered by Alexander Flemming, is the first antibiotic discovered. While working on Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, Flemming observed growth of mould around, which the bacteria did not grow. It was found to be a chemical, penicillin, produced by Penicillium notatum. The function of penicillin as an antibiotic was established by Ernst Chain and Howard Florey

Q2.  The below diagram represent a typical biogas plant. Select the correct option for A, B and C refers           to

                                                       

•   A-Sludge, B-Dung + water, C-CH₄+CO₂
•   A-Dung + water, B-Sludge, C-CH₄+CO₂
•   A-Sludge,B-CH₄and CO₂, C-Dung + water
•   A-CH,₄+ CO₂, B-Dung + water, C-Sludge

Solution

Q3.  Silk is obtained from

•   Bombyx mori
•   Laccifera lacca
•   Apis melliffera
•   None of these

Solution
Silk is a secretory product of silk glands of the larva (caterpillar) of silk worm (Bombyx mori ).

Q4.  Which of the following belongs to free living nitrogen fixing bacteria?
         I. Rhizobium II. Azospirillum III. Azotobacter
         Choose the correct option

•   I and II
•   I and III
•   II and III
•   I, II and III

Solution
Azospirillum and Azotobacter are free living nitrogen fixing bacteria. Free living N₂-fixing bacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen in the soil and make it available for the higher plant

Q5. The part of cotton producing pure cellulose is

•   Root hair
•   Leaf hair
•   Seed hair
•   Stem hair

Solution
  Cotton fibres represent epidermal prolongation of seed-coat cells. The cotton fibres contain 94% cellulose, 1.3% protein and small amount of pectic substance. Cotton is major cash crop gives fibre, food and feed.

Q6.  Which of the following is correctly matched?

•   Central Rice Research institute – Shimla
•   National Botanical Research Institute – Delhi
• Central Drug Research Institute - Cuttack
•   Central Food Technology Research Institute – Mysore

Solution
(a)Central Rice Research Institute - Cuttack
(b)National Botanical Research Institute – Lucknow
(c)Central Drug Research Institute – Lucknow
(d)Central Food Technology Research Institute - Mysore

Q7. Which of the following bacteria is present in the rumen of cattle?

•   Rhizobium
•   Azotobacter
•   Methanobacterium
•   Clostridium

Solution
Methanobacterium

Q8. The source of intoxicating beverage called ‘Saky’ is

•   Sorghum vulgare
•   Arachis hypogea
•   Oryza sativa
•   Mangifera indica

Solution
Saky is an intoxicating beverage obtained from Oryza sativa.

Q9. Which of the following cyanobacteria can fix atmospheric nitrogen? I. Volvox II. Oscillatoria
III. Nostoc IV. Anabaena
Choose the correct option

•   I, II and III
•   I, II and IV
•   II, III and IV
•   III and IV

Solution
Cyanobacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen and increase the organic matter of the soil through photosynthetic activity,e.g.,Nostoc, Anabaena, Oscillatoria, etc.

Q10.  Which of the following are main the benefits of LAB?
           I. Increase vitamin-B₁₂ amount, thus increasing nutrient quality of milk
           II. Checks disease causing microbes in stomach
           Choose the correct option

•   Only I
•   Only II
•   I and II
• None of these

Solution
A small amount of curd added to the fresh milk as inoculum or starter contain millions of LAB, which at suitable temperatures multiply, thus converting milk to curd, which improves its nutritional quality by increasing vitamin-B₁₂. In our stomach too, the LAB play very beneficial role in checking disease causing microbes